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Jack Zipes
Jack David Zipes (born 1937) is an American retired Professor of German at the University of Minnesota, who has published and lectured on the subject of fairy tales, their evolution, and their social and political role in civilizing processes. According to Zipes, fairy tales "serve a meaningful social function, not just for compensation but for revelation: the worlds projected by the best of our fairy tales reveal the gaps between truth and falsehood in our immediate society." His arguments are avowedly based on the critical theory of the Frankfurt School and more recently theories of cultural evolution.
== Education and positions ==
Jack Zipes completed a B.A. in Political Science (1959), and an M.A. in English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University, (1960). From there, Zipes studied at the University of Munich in 1962 and the University of Tübingen in 1963. He completed a PhD in comparative literature at Columbia University in 1965. Zipes taught at various institutions before heading the Department of German, Scandinavian, and Dutch at the University of Minnesota. He has translated the complete 1857 edition of fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. As of October 19, 2014, he has finished translating the first edition of 1812 and 1815.〔A recent interview〕
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